Learn the signs, causes, and ways to prevent diabetes, plus how to manage it through lifestyle, monitoring, and proper medical support.
Key Takeaways
In the Philippines, around 7% of adults, approximately 7 million people, are living with diabetes. Urbanization, poor diets, and sedentary lifestyles have fueled the rapid rise of this epidemic.
Worse, many individuals lack access to early testing and proper care, which can lead to severe complications such as heart disease, kidney failure, and vision loss.1,2
When left unmanaged, this condition can escalate into life-altering complications. However, with the right knowledge, tools, and support, you can take charge of your health.
Let’s explore the steps you can take to make that happen by learning everything there is to know about diabetes and how to live beyond it.
Diabetes happens when the body doesn’t make enough insulin, or doesn’t respond properly to its presence. Insulin is the hormone that helps cells absorb sugar from the blood for energy.
Over time, high blood sugar can damage the heart, kidneys, nerves, and eyes, leading to serious health issues like heart disease, kidney failure, and vision loss.3,4
While a healthy lifestyle plays a big role in managing and delaying diabetes, it’s important to know that the condition isn’t always preventable. Genetics matter.
If you have a family history of diabetes, you may still develop it, even if you’re at a healthy weight, eat well, and exercise regularly. Being aware of your risk and staying proactive with check-ups is key.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition where the body attacks and destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Without insulin, blood sugar levels rise dangerously high.
This type is most common in children and young adults and requires daily insulin shots or pumps for management. While the exact cause is unclear, genetics and environmental factors, like infections, may trigger it.5
Type 2 diabetes is the most common form and occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or does not produce enough of it. Risk factors include being overweight, poor diet, lack of exercise, and family history.
Unlike type 1, type 2 diabetes often develops gradually and can sometimes be managed through lifestyle changes, such as healthy eating, regular exercise, and weight management. Medications or insulin may also be needed.
Prediabetes occurs when blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not yet high enough for a diabetes diagnosis. It’s a warning sign that a person’s risk of developing type 2 diabetes is high.
Fortunately, prediabetes can often be reversed with healthy habits like eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and losing weight if needed.6
Gestational diabetes occurs when hormonal changes brought about by pregnancy make it harder for the body to use insulin effectively.
This type of diabetes typically goes away after delivery, but it does increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
Those with gestational diabetes should work closely with their healthcare providers to manage blood sugar levels and protect their health and the baby’s.1
The early symptoms of diabetes can be subtle but are important to recognize. Key indicators include:
Diabetes can also present through skin-related and healing issues:
Recognizing these early signs is critical for timely intervention and preventing further complications.
As diabetes progresses, the symptoms can become more severe and require immediate attention.
If you experience symptoms like fruity-smelling breath, difficulty breathing, confusion, or severe abdominal pain, this may indicate diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or other serious complications and require urgent medical intervention.10,11,12
A strong family history significantly increases the likelihood of developing diabetes. For type 1 diabetes, genetic predisposition is linked to specific genes that influence immune responses. Children or siblings of individuals with type 1 diabetes are at a higher risk.3
In type 2 diabetes, heredity plays an equally important role. The risk escalates if one or more close family members, such as parents or siblings, have the disease.
Genetic influence is further exacerbated when combined with shared lifestyle factors, such as diet and activity levels.4
Lifestyle choices directly affect diabetes risk, particularly for type 2 diabetes. A diet high in processed foods, sugary beverages, and unhealthy fats contributes to weight gain and insulin resistance, which are primary drivers of the condition.
On the other hand, a nutrient-rich diet helps maintain stable blood sugar levels.1,5
Lack of physical activity compounds these risks by reducing the body’s ability to use insulin efficiently. Regular exercise improves insulin sensitivity, helps with weight control, and lowers diabetes risk, even for individuals with a genetic predisposition.8
Excess fat, particularly around the abdomen, increases insulin resistance, where cells become less responsive to insulin. This causes glucose to accumulate in the blood, leading to elevated sugar levels.
Weight loss, even as little as 5–7% of body weight, dramatically lowers the risk of developing diabetes by improving the body's sensitivity to insulin.5,7
Diabetes significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, including heart attacks and strokes
High blood sugar damages blood vessels, contributing to the buildup of plaque in arteries (atherosclerosis), which raises the likelihood of coronary artery disease and stroke.
Additional factors such as hypertension and abnormal cholesterol levels further compound this risk.1,2,3
Prolonged high blood sugar can lead to nerve damage (neuropathy), one of the most common complications of diabetes.
Symptoms often start as tingling, pain, or numbness in the hands and feet but can progress to more severe issues such as loss of sensation.
Diabetic neuropathy increases the risk of ulcers and infections, especially in the feet, which may require amputation in severe cases.4,5
Diabetic retinopathy occurs when high blood sugar damages the tiny blood vessels in the retina, leading to permanent vision loss and other vision problems, such as blindness.
Diabetes also increases the risk of cataracts and glaucoma, making routine eye exams crucial for early detection and prevention.7
Diabetes is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Prolonged high blood sugar can impair kidney function, causing protein to leak into the urine (albuminuria), which is an early sign of diabetic nephropathy.
If diabetic nephropathy is left untreated, it may progress to kidney failure, requiring regular dialysis or a transplant.3,8
The psychological burden of managing diabetes can lead to emotional distress, depression, and anxiety.
This emotional toll can negatively affect diabetes management, creating a cycle where poor mental health worsens glucose control. Addressing mental health is critical for comprehensive care and improved quality of life.5,9
A balanced diet plays a crucial role in preventing diabetes by maintaining stable blood sugar levels and a healthy weight.
Include foods rich in fiber, such as whole grains, legumes, and vegetables, as these slow the absorption of glucose. Protein sources like lean meat, fish, and plant-based options, along with healthy fats from nuts and seeds, also support blood sugar stability.
Portion control is equally important, as overeating can disrupt glucose levels, even when you’re eating too much of healthy foods.10,11
Physical activity enhances insulin sensitivity and helps the body use glucose more effectively. For beginners, walking, cycling, or swimming for at least 30 minutes a day, five days a week, is a great start.
Strength training can further improve glucose metabolism. Consistency is key, and finding enjoyable activities can increase adherence to an exercise routine.10,12
Maintaining a healthy weight is one of the most effective ways to lower the risk of type 2 diabetes. Excess abdominal fat contributes to insulin resistance, where cells become less responsive to insulin.
Losing just 5–7% of body weight can significantly reduce the risk of diabetes. Gradual changes, such as reducing calorie intake and incorporating regular physical activity, make long-term weight management sustainable.11,13
Regular health screenings are essential for early detection. Blood sugar tests, including fasting glucose and HbA1c levels, help identify prediabetes or diabetes.
Screening for blood pressure and cholesterol is equally vital, as these are often co-occurring issues. Proactive monitoring enables timely intervention to prevent complications.14,15
Stress and poor sleep can disrupt blood sugar regulation. Chronic stress triggers cortisol release, which raises blood sugar levels. Techniques like meditation, yoga, or mindfulness can help reduce stress.
Additionally, adults should aim for 7–9 hours of quality sleep per night, as inadequate sleep increases insulin resistance and appetite dysregulation.10,16
Managing diabetes effectively involves combining medication, insulin therapy (when needed), lifestyle changes, and consistent monitoring.
These elements work together to stabilize blood sugar levels and minimize the risk of complications.
For type 2 diabetes, medications play a crucial role in managing blood sugar levels.
Metformin is commonly prescribed as a first-line treatment to improve insulin sensitivity and reduce glucose production in the liver.
Other medications, like GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors, offer additional benefits such as promoting weight loss or aiding the kidneys in glucose elimination.
These medications are tailored to individual needs and may also help reduce cardiovascular risks.
Insulin is essential for managing type 1 diabetes and is often used for type 2 diabetes when other treatments are insufficient.
It can be delivered through injections or insulin pumps, with regimens designed to match individual glucose patterns and lifestyle needs.
Insulin types range from short-acting options for meals to long-acting options for maintaining stable levels throughout the day.
Lifestyle modifications form the cornerstone of diabetes management.
A balanced diet, emphasizing high-fiber foods like whole grains and vegetables, paired with regular physical activity, can improve insulin sensitivity and overall health.
Weight management is critical, as even small reductions in weight can significantly enhance glucose control.
Managing stress through techniques like mindfulness can also positively impact blood sugar levels.1,12,13
Consistent monitoring is critical for understanding how lifestyle choices, medications, and other factors affect blood sugar levels. It provides actionable data to prevent spikes and dips.
Self-monitoring using a glucometer is a convenient and effective way to check blood sugar levels at home.
Using a Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) device helps provide real-time data on glucose trends, offering advanced insights into how blood sugar levels respond to meals, activity, and medications.
The HbA1c test is a blood test that measures your blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months. It offers a long-term view of blood sugar control.
By combining daily monitoring with long-term testing, individuals can maintain stronger, healthier control over their blood sugar levels, reducing the risk of complications and improving overall well-being.16,17
Managing diabetes doesn't have to feel overwhelming. With the right support, you can take control of your health with confidence.
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From there, a licensed medical professional will evaluate your condition, recommend diagnostic tests like blood sugar panels, and provide a plan tailored to your needs, whether you're just starting out or need deeper monitoring.
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All care is based on medical evaluation. Any access to treatment is provided only if deemed appropriate by your licensed doctor.
GoRocky is a health platform built to support Filipinos through discreet, guided care. We help address common concerns like diabetes, erectile dysfunction, and hair loss, starting with honest conversations, online assessments, and access to licensed medical professionals.
Our goal is to remove the shame and guesswork by making care simple, private, and backed by real guidance. No need for clinic visits or uncomfortable questions, just the support you need to take the next step.
At GoRocky, we believe that taking care of yourself should be normal, not taboo. Because good health starts with getting informed and getting checked.
If you have questions about treatments, sexual wellness, or men’s health, our knowledgeable and friendly customer support team is here to help. Reach out anytime at support@gorocky.ph or call +63 966 952 8623.
*The information provided on this platform is intended for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.
[1] Diabetes. World Health Organization. Published 2024. Accessed January 28, 2025.
[2] Diabetes. Physiopedia. Published 2024. Accessed January 28, 2025.
[3] Diabetes. Cleveland Clinic. Updated February 17, 2023. Accessed January 28, 2025.
[4] What is diabetes? National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Updated April 2023. Accessed January 28, 2025.
[5] Hiskins, M. What is type 1 diabetes? Healthline. Updated June 16, 2025. Accessed January 28, 2025.
[6] Type 2 diabetes: Learn more - What medications help in type 2 diabetes? In: InformedHealth.org. Cologne, Germany: Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care. Updated December 18, 2023. Accessed January 28, 2025.
[7] What are the signs and symptoms of diabetes? Diabetes UK. Updated June 4, 2025. Accessed January 28, 2025.
[8] Srakocic S. What to know about the symptoms of diabetes. Healthline. Updated July 11, 2025. Accessed January 28, 2025.
[9] Diabetes - insulin therapy. MedlinePlus. Updated May 12, 2023. Accessed January 28, 2025.
[10] Diabetes and healthy eating. Better Health Channel. Department of Health, Victoria. Updated 2021. Accessed January 28, 2025.
[11] Diabetes complications and risks. American Heart Association. Updated April 2, 2024. Accessed January 28, 2025.
[12] Get a handle on diabetes medication. American Diabetes Association. Accessed January 28, 2025.
[13] Seymour T. Prediabetes diet. Johns Hopkins Medicine. Accessed January 28, 2025.
[14] Ooi CP, Loke SC. Sweet potato for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(9). doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009128.pub3.
[15] Diet for diabetes prevention. El Camino Health. Accessed January 28, 2025.
[16] What is HBA1c? Diabetes UK. Accessed January 28, 2025.
[17] Brutsaert EF, Braunstein, GD. Medications for diabetes mellitus treatment. MSD Manuals. Updated April 2025. Accessed January 28, 2025.
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